CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
- DEFINITION
Conditional sentences indicate
that something has not happened, but you are imagining the possibility.
We can see that the conditional sentence consists of two parts:
a. Main clause is a part of a compound sentence that can stand alone if separated from other parts of the sentence. Main clauses already have a subject and predicate.
I will serve you
S P
Main clause contains something that will be done or would have happened if something that is required is fulfilled.
b. Subordinate clause or “if clause” is part of a compound sentence that cannot stand alone if separated from other parts of the sentence.
Subordinate clauses can be placed as follow:
1. In front of the main clause. In this case the clause was limited by a comma (,)
o If it Rains, I will take an umbrella
o If Mr. Charles were as our English teacher, we should be active students.
2. After the main clause
o I will take an umbrella if it Rains.
o She will come here today if we invite her
Types of Conditional Sentence
TYPE 1
For real
conditionals the possibility of something happening exists.
IF+SIMPLE PRESENT, WILL+FUTURE
If I pass the test, I will be very happy.
TYPE 2
Unreal
conditionals are hypothetical or to express a condition contrary to the reality of today.
IF+SIMPLE PAST, WOULD+INFINITIVE
If I got a new job next week, I would
begin immediately. (It probably won’t happen.)
TYPE 3
They are contrary
to fact, meaning they didn’t happen in the past.
IF+PAST PERFECT, WOULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE
If I hadn’t been sick, I would have gone to the party last night
NOTE:
The coma (,) when the "if clause" is in the beginning of sentence the the coma (,) is given, but if the "if clause" is in the middle of sentence, coma (,) is not needed
Unreal means "does not match reality." It can be said as "a sentence that says modality or to imagine a fact or situation that is incompatible with the fact that there are at this moment." Therefore, the word IF in conditional sentence Type II and Type III should be translated as "if or suppose", not if or when, because the situation is not in reality. This means that state cannot be changed again as what was imagined or assumed. The situation was supposedly impossible or may be not happen again. While the Type I sentences, future real (possible) condition can be translated with the word when or if, not if or suppose because there is a different manner in their using. If is used to declare a thing or situation that is not contrary to the facts / realities. That is something that still may occur.While the word if or suppose is used to something that supposedly is not likely to happen again because it imagined a past and impossible.
- CONDITIONAL SENTENCE WITH THE WORD OF IF
if is interchangeable when the statement of the conditional clause is a fact or a general issue (also known as zero conditional) and if is used for something that, according to the speaker, might happen.
The Example: We can spend the afternoon on the beach if the weather is fine.
- CONDITIONAL SENTENCE WITH THE WORD OF HOPE
Hope use for the future wishes.
After "hope", use
a clause in the present tense to talk about the future.
For example, "I
hope I get a raise next week." Notice that the clause "I get a raise
next week" is in the present tense.
I hope I can get this project done on time. (There is a possibility of getting it done on time.)
We want a situation or a thing in the present to be different or change.
After "wish", use the simple past tense in the clause that follows. Use the special conjugation for "be" in the past: I were, He were, She were, It were, We were, You were, They were.
for example:
"I wish my son weren't in New York". The reality is, my son is in New York, and I will miss him.
I hope I can get this project done on time. (There is a possibility of getting it done on time.)
- CONDITIONAL SENTENCE WITH THE WORD OF WISH
We want a situation or a thing in the present to be different or change.
After "wish", use the simple past tense in the clause that follows. Use the special conjugation for "be" in the past: I were, He were, She were, It were, We were, You were, They were.
for example:
"I wish my son weren't in New York". The reality is, my son is in New York, and I will miss him.
NOTE:
Wish is seldom used in the future. If you use wish in the
future, you are already sure it is not true (unreal conditional).
- CONDITIONAL SENTENCE WITHOUT THE WORD OF IF
Conditional sentence without if is
not different with a conditional sentence that is preceded by if. Removing if in
the sentence can only be done on Type II and Type III.
1. In the conditional Type II
Here too, we can eliminate if, if the subordinate clause does
not use the verb phrase but using were and it is in the
beginning of the sentence.
Were + S + complement
|
Past Future
|
Will + V 1
|
·
Were I you, I would care your Parents.
Fact: I'm not you, So I do not care your Parents.
2. Conditional Sentences
Type III
Conditional Sentence Type III, we can eliminate the IF by putting HAD in
front of the subject. And there is subordinate clause in the beginning of
a sentence.
Past Future
|
|
Will + V
|
·
Had Ali studied hard, he would have passed the test last month
Fact: Ali did
not pass the test last month because he did not study hard.
SOURCES:
Pearson. (2010). Conditional Clausese. Diperoleh 20 oktober 2017. dari http://wps.pearsoned.ca/ca_ab_faigley_penghdbk_1/64/16478/4218558.cw/index.html
DSS Library. (2012). Conditional Sentences. Diperoleh 20 oktober 2017. dari http://dsslibraries.blogspot.co.id/p/conditional-sentences.html
Englisch.Hilfen. Replacing IF- Omitting If - If vs When - in case vs IF. Diperoleh 20 oktober 2017. dari https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/replacing_if.htm
SOURCES:
Pearson. (2010). Conditional Clausese. Diperoleh 20 oktober 2017. dari http://wps.pearsoned.ca/ca_ab_faigley_penghdbk_1/64/16478/4218558.cw/index.html
DSS Library. (2012). Conditional Sentences. Diperoleh 20 oktober 2017. dari http://dsslibraries.blogspot.co.id/p/conditional-sentences.html
Englisch.Hilfen. Replacing IF- Omitting If - If vs When - in case vs IF. Diperoleh 20 oktober 2017. dari https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/replacing_if.htm
Komentar
Posting Komentar