STRUCTURE OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
STRUCTURE OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
DEFINITION OF ACTIVE VOICE
The active voice is actually the most common voice used, which describes the subject actually doing the action. The “voice” of a verb shows the relationship the subject of the sentence has to the action that is described by the verb.
- The Pattern of Active Voice
Subject+ Verb+ Object
DEFINITION OF PASSIVE VOICE
The passive voice is less common. Unlike the active voice, this describes a verb being happened to the subject of the sentence, rather than the subject carrying it out.
- The Pattern of Passive Voice
Subject+ form of ‘to be’ + past participle of verb+
by + object
- THE CHARACTERISTIC OF ACTIVE VOICE
1. The subject of sentence in active form is at the starting of the sentence.
2. Subject is followed by the form of ‘to be’, verb and object
3. We can say that verb is in the Active Voice
4. An active voice tells clearly about the action who has done it.
- THE CHARACTERISTIC OF PASSIVE VOICE
1. When we change the sentence from active to passive voice, the object becomes the
subject.
2. we can use sentences with only transitive verbs in passive voice that is we can change the
sentences having object into this voice.
3. this is form may or may not tell clearly about the action who has done it.
4. To make clear the action who has done it we should add ‘by’
*Transitive verbs is a verb that takes a direct object, that “feels incomplete” without a direct
object. They are either active voice or passive voice.
- Transitive active verbs are the verbs in sentences with a direct object.
SUBJECT + VERB + DIRECT OBJECT
The example: i eat sandwich
2. Transitive Passive verbs these transfer their action to the subject. that means that the subject is
the subject receive of the action.
Transitive passive verbs always have one of the following as a helping verb: is, am, are, was,
were, be, being, or been as an auxaliary.
the subject receive of the action.
Transitive passive verbs always have one of the following as a helping verb: is, am, are, was,
were, be, being, or been as an auxaliary.
The example: Sandwich is eaten by me
*Intransitive
direct object.
direct object.
SUBJECT + VERB
Here are some examples of intransitive verbs:
He ran.
They napped.
Based on the explanation above, it can be shown that sentences in the passive voice always contain a transitive verb. When we use the passive voice, the subject is hidden there is always a direct object, which means the verb is always transitive.
| Rules for Pronouns in Active to Passive conversion | |
| Active voice | Passive voice |
| I | me |
| you | you |
| we | us |
| they | them |
| it | it |
PASSIVE VOICE AND ACTIVE VOICE PATTERN
Tense
|
Active voice
|
Passive voice
|
Simple present tense
|
Verb form: first form of the verb
Examples:
They speak English here.
He speaks English.
|
Verb form: is / am / are + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
English is spoken here.
English is spoken by him.
|
Simple past
|
Verb form: past tense form of the verb
Examples:
I wrote a letter.
Ram broke a glass.
You missed the chance.
. |
Verb form: was/were + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
A letter was written by me.
A glass was broken by Ram.
The chance was missed by you.
|
Present continuous tense
|
Verb form: is/am/are + -ing form of the verb
Examples:
She is writing a letter.
I am learning my lessons.
You are making a cake
|
Verb form: is/am/are + being + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
A letter is being written by her.
My lessons are being learnt by me.
A cake is being made by you.
|
Past continuous tense
|
Verb form: was/were + -ing form of the verb
Examples:
I was learning my lessons.
She was writing a report.
They were making toys.
|
Verb form: was/were + being + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
My lessons were being learnt by me.
A report was being written by her.
Toys were being made by them.
|
Present perfect tense
|
Verb form: has/have + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
I have written a novel.
She has finished the job.
You have written letters.
|
Verb form: has/have + been + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
A novel has been written by me.
The job has been finished by her.
Letters have been written by you.
|
Past perfect tense
|
Verb form: had + past participle form of the verb
Examples
I had finished the project.
She had learned her lessons.
|
Verb form: had + been + past participle form of the verb
Examples:
The project had been finished by me.
Her lessons had been learned by her.
|
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